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Covid-19 und die CO2-Emissionen

Dank Covid-19 werden die CO2-Emissionen in diesem Jahr voraussichtlich um den Rekordwert von 2,6 Milliarden Tonnen sinken. Dies entspricht einem Rückgang unseres massiven ökologischen Fußabdruckes um lediglich 8%.

Da durch die Coronavirus-Krise Flugzeuge am Boden bleiben, Fabriken stillgelegt und der Autoverkehr reduziert wurde, sank der weltweite Energiebedarf.  Aktuelle Zahlen zeigen, dass dadurch die CO2-Emissionen in diesem Jahr um fast 2,6 Milliarden Tonnen reduziert werden. Dies ist der größte Rückgang der energiebezogenen Emissionen in der Geschichte und entspricht dem Verlust des Energiebedarfs aus ganz Indien.

Lockdown-Maßnahmen nur vorübergehende Änderungen

Es ist eine riesige Zahl, aber es bedeutet immer noch nur einen Rückgang der Gesamtenergieemissionen um 8% im Vergleich zu 2019, so der neue Bericht der Internationalen Energieagentur vom 3. April. Die meisten Emissionen bleiben unvermindert bestehen.

Die Lockdown-Maßnahmen während der Pandemie sind nur vorübergehende Änderungen und spiegeln nicht wider, was tatsächlich zur Bekämpfung des Klimawandels geschehen müsste. Was bei der Erholung nach der aktuellen Krise passiert, wird bestimmen, ob die globale Erwärmung auf 1,5 Grad Celsius begrenzt werden kann, um schlimme Klimaauswirkungen zu vermeiden.

Selbst während des Lockdowns, da Millionen von Menschen ihren Arbeitsplatz verloren haben und andere im Homeoffice arbeiten, sind die Hauptursachen für den Klimawandel im Wesentlichen noch vorhanden. Der Energiebedarf in anderen Bereichen hat sich verschoben ‒ gewerbliche Gebäude verbrauchen weniger Energie, aber die Menschen verbrauchen jetzt mehr Energie zu Hause.

Transformation und Aufbau einer grünen Infrastruktur

Einige, die sich die aktuelle Situation ansehen, fragen sich: „Wenn sich unser Leben so dramatisch verändert hat und die Emissionen aus dem Energieverbrauch um lediglich 8% gesunken sind, wie können wir dann je das Ziel einer Netto-Null-Emission erreichen?“

Doch das ist die falsche Herangehensweise, so Robbie Orvis, Mitarbeiter der Nonprofit Organisation Energy Innovation. Die Wirtschaft muss nicht leiden, um die Transformation durchzuführen. Bei der Erholung könnte der Aufbau einer neuen grünen Infrastruktur eine wichtige Quelle für Arbeitsplätze sein.

„Wenn Sie sich die Arten von Arbeitsplätzen ansehen, die für die Umstellung auf saubere Energie erforderlich sind, und die Arten von Vorteilen, die sie bieten, können Sie die Wirtschaft dekarbonisieren und ein Wirtschaftswachstum erzielen“, sagt er. Diese Aufgaben umfassen alles … von der Installation von Windkraftanlagen und Sonnenkollektoren bis zur Herstellung von Batterien und Elektroautos.

„Es ist tatsächlich eine großartige Gelegenheit, Millionen von Menschen wieder einzustellen, diesen Moment zu überbrücken und mit dem Bau und der Installation aller Geräte zu beginnen, die wir zur Dekarbonisierung der Wirtschaft in den kommenden 30 Jahren benötigen.“

Wenn die Welt den Klimawandel nicht zügelt, werden die wirtschaftlichen Kosten bei weitem das überwiegen, was jetzt mit COVID-19 passiert.

Jetzt in eine saubere Energiezukunft investieren

Der neue Bericht der Internationalen Energieagentur hebt hervor, dass die umweltschädlichsten Energiequellen in der aktuellen Krise die größten Auswirkungen haben. Die Nachfrage nach Kohle wird in diesem Jahr voraussichtlich um 8% sinken. Die Erdgasnachfrage wird voraussichtlich um 5% sinken. Es wird erwartet, dass nur erneuerbare Energien wachsen.

Wenn sich die Wirtschaft verbessert, werden die Emissionen voraussichtlich wieder ansteigen, heißt es in dem Bericht. Das muss aber nicht so sein. „Die Regierungen können aus den jetzigen Erfahrungen lernen“, so Faith Birol, Geschäftsführerin der IEA in einer Pressemitteilung, „indem sie saubere Energietechnologien ‒ erneuerbare Energien, Effizienz, Batterien, Wasserstoff und Kohlenstoffabscheidung ‒ in den Mittelpunkt ihrer Pläne zur wirtschaftlichen Erholung stellen. Investitionen in diesen Bereichen können Arbeitsplätze schaffen, die Wirtschaft wettbewerbsfähiger machen und die Welt in Richtung einer widerstandsfähigeren und saubereren Energiezukunft lenken. “

fastcompany.com

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